Tag: php

This tutorial is created to give an abstract idea about commonly used PHP array function with examples. Through this tutorial you’ll be able to know, how to use array functions to make code more short and simple.

Creating an Array in PHP

PHP array is created using an array() function. There are basically three types of arrays in PHP

1. Indexed arrays – An array with a numeric index.
2. Associative arrays – An array with named keys.
3. Multidimensional arrays – An array containing one or more arrays.

To create an indexed array, add array values inside the parentheses, separated by commas.

$randomNames = array("Peace","Love","BH","Bishrul","Haq");
Code language: PHP (php)

OR

$randomNames = array();

$randomNames[0] = "Peace";
$randomNames[1] = "Love";
$randomNames[2] = "BH";
$randomNames[3] = "Bishrul";
$randomNames[4] = "Haq";
Code language: PHP (php)

Let’s look into some of the PHP functions in detail.

1. List()

List function is used to Assign variables as if they were an array. It helps to insert without assigning values to each array index.

$names = array("Dev","BH","Peace");

// without list function()
$one = $names[0];
$two = $names[1];
$three = $names[2];


// with list function()
list($one,$two,$three) = $names;

echo 'one   : '. $one.' two   : '. $two.' three : '. $three;
Code language: PHP (php)

Output

Array ( [0] => BH [1] => is [2] => Carm )
Code language: PHP (php)

2. preg_slit() or explode()

These two functions are used to split a string by a given string. Which helps to skip string, if you don’t need them to be shown.

$words = 'BH|is|Carm';
$array = explode('|', $words);

// exploded words are displayed in the array
print_r($array);
Code language: PHP (php)

Output

one : Dev two : BH three : Peace

3. extract()

extract() function is used to export an associative array to variables. For every array element, a variable will be created with the name of a key and value as a value of the element.

$details = [
    'name' => 'bishrul',
    'age'    => '24',
    'color'   => 'fair',
];

extract($details);

echo("$name $age $color");
Code language: PHP (php)

Output

bishrul 24 fair

4. compact()

It’s the exact opposite of explode() function, Which convert the given variables into an associative array.

$name  = 'bishrul';
$age   = '24';
$color = 'fair';

$array = compact('name', 'age', 'color');

print_r($array);
Code language: PHP (php)

Output

Array ( [name] => bishrul [age] => 24 [color] => fair )
Code language: PHP (php)

5. array_combine()

Which creates an array by using one array for array keys and another for its array values.

$keys = ['name', 'age', 'color'];
$values = ['bishrul', '24', 'fair'];

$details = array_combine($keys, $values);
print_r($details);
Code language: PHP (php)

Output

Array ( [name] => bishrul [age] => 24 [color] => fair )
Code language: PHP (php)

6. array_merge()

To merge two or more arrays into one array array_merge() is used. values of arrays will be merged together, and values with the same keys will be overwritten with the last array.

$array1 = ['one' => '1', 'two' => '2', 'three' => '3'];
$array2 = ['one' => '11', 'four' => '4', 'three' => '33'];

$merge = array_merge($array1, $array2);
print_r($merge);
Code language: PHP (php)

Output

Array ( [one] => 11 [two] => 2 [three] => 33 [four] => 4 )
Code language: PHP (php)

7. array_sum() & array_product()

array_sum() is used to get the sum of given array values and array_product() to multiply the given array values.

$values = [4, 4, 3, 1, 5];

echo('Sum :'.array_sum($values).' Product :'. array_product($values)); 
Code language: PHP (php)

Output

Sum :17 Product :240
Code language: CSS (css)

If you like the article please share with others and drop your ideas and suggestions at the comment section.

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This tutorial is created to remove specific or empty (NULL) array elements from the array.

1. array_filter() to Remove Empty Elements

array_filter() function removes false values when declared using a callback function, however, If the callback function returns true, the current value from input is returned into the result array.

1. $array (mandatory): This is where the input array is given.
2. $callback_function (optional): The user-defined function is given . If the function is not given then all entries of the array equal to FALSE and will be removed.
3. $flag (optional): The arguments passed to the callback function is defined.
   • ARRAY_FILTER_USE_KEY – Only key argument is passed to the callback function, instead of the value of the array.
   • ARRAY_FILTER_USE_BOTH – Both value and key as arguments to callback instead of the value.

Syntax :

array array_filter($array, $callback_function, $flag)
Code language: PHP (php)

Below is a program showing how to return filtered array elements using array_filter() function.

<?php
// Declaring the array
$array = array("bishrul", 27, '', null, "developer", 45,"for", 1994, false,);

// Function to remove empty elements
$filtered_array = array_filter($array);

// Display the array
var_dump($filtered_array);
Code language: HTML, XML (xml)

Output :

array(6) { [0]=> string(7) "bishrul" [1]=> int(27) [4]=> string(9) "developer" [5]=> int(45) [6]=> string(3) "for" [7]=> int(1994) }
Code language: PHP (php)

2. unset() Function to Remove Empty Elements.

The Another way is to remove empty elements from array is using empty() function along with the unset() function. The empty() function is used to check whether the element is empty is not.

<?php
// Declaring the array
$array = array("bishrul", 27, '', null, "developer", 45,"for", 1994, false,);

// Loop to find empty elements
foreach($array as $key => $value)
  if(empty($value)){
  unset($array[$key]);
}

// Displaying the array
foreach($array as $key => $value)
    echo ($array[$key] . " , ");
?> 
Code language: HTML, XML (xml)

Output :

bishrul , 27 , developer , 45 , for , 1994 ,

Removing a specific value using unset() function in PHP.

<?php
// Declaring the array
$array = array("bishrul", 27, '', null, "developer", 45,"for", 1994, false,);

// Loop to find empty elements
foreach($array as $key => $value)
  if($value == "bishrul"){
  unset($array[$key]);
}

// Displaying the array
foreach($array as $key => $value)
    echo ($array[$key] . " , ");
?> 
Code language: HTML, XML (xml)

Output :

27 , , , developer , 45 , for , 1994 , ,

Hope this tutorial helped you! Feel free to drop your opinion at the comment section.

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PHP is widely used by many developers today and it’s one of the easiest language to learn. This tutorial will help you to learn the basic CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations in PHP using MYSQL.

1. Create the DB(Database) file

Create the DB as ‘php_crud’ and run the following SQL query to create table users inside the MySQL ‘php_crud’ database.

SQL query to create a table named users

CREATE TABLE users (
    id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
    name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
    address VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
    age INT(10) NOT NULL
);
Code language: PHP (php)

Now, It’s time to create the DB config.php file as shown below

config.php

<?php
define('DB_SERVER', 'localhost');
define('DB_USERNAME', '');
define('DB_PASSWORD', '');
define('DB_NAME', 'php_crud');

$link = new mysqli(DB_SERVER, DB_USERNAME, DB_PASSWORD, DB_NAME);

if ($link->connect_errno) {
    printf("Connect failed: %s\n", $link->connect_error);
    exit();
}
Code language: HTML, XML (xml)

2. Creating the Pages

Create the landing page for the CRUD application that contains a table to show the records from the users table.

index.php

<?php
require_once "config.php";
$sql = "SELECT * FROM users";
$result = $link->query($sql);
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>PHP CRUD : bishrulhaq.com</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css"
          integrity="sha384-Gn5384xqQ1aoWXA+058RXPxPg6fy4IWvTNh0E263XmFcJlSAwiGgFAW/dAiS6JXm" crossorigin="anonymous">
    <style>
        .btn{
            margin-left: 10px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="wrapper">
    <div class="container">
        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-md-12">
                <div class="card" style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;">
                    <div class="card-body">
                        <h2 class="pull-left">User Details <a href="create.php" class="btn btn-success pull-right">Add New User</a></h2>
                        <h6>Find more interesting tutorials at <a href="https://bishrulhaq.com/">bishrulhaq.com</a></h6>
                    </div>
                </div>
                <?php
                if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
                        echo "<table class='table table-bordered table-striped'>";
                        echo "<thead>";
                        echo "<tr>";
                        echo "<th>#</th>";
                        echo "<th>Name</th>";
                        echo "<th>Address</th>";
                        echo "<th>Age</th>";
                        echo "<th>Action</th>";
                        echo "</tr>";
                        echo "</thead>";
                        echo "<tbody>";
                        while ($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
                            echo "<tr>";
                            echo "<td>" . $row['id'] . "</td>";
                            echo "<td>" . $row['name'] . "</td>";
                            echo "<td>" . $row['address'] . "</td>";
                            echo "<td>" . $row['age'] . "</td>";
                            echo "<td>";
                            echo "<a href='read.php?id=" . $row['id'] . "' class='btn btn-primary'>Read</a>";
                            echo "<a href='update.php?id=" . $row['id'] . "' class='btn btn-info'>Update</a>";
                            echo "<a href='delete.php?id=" . $row['id'] . "' class='btn btn-danger'>Delete</a>";
                            echo "</td>";
                            echo "</tr>";
                        }
                        echo "</tbody>";
                        echo "</table>";
                        // Free result set
                        $result->free();
                    } else {
                        echo "<p class='lead'><em>No records were found.</em></p>";
                    }
                $link->close();
                ?>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Code language: HTML, XML (xml)

In this step, Let’s create the “create.php” and add the following code inside it.

create.php

<?php
require_once "config.php";

if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {

    if (isset($_POST['name']) && isset($_POST['address']) && isset($_POST['age'])) {

        $sql = "INSERT INTO users (name, address, age) VALUES (?,?,?)";
        if ($stmt = $link->prepare($sql)) {
            $stmt->bind_param("ssi", $_POST['name'], $_POST['address'], $_POST['age']);
            if ($stmt->execute()) {
                header("location: index.php");
                exit();
            } else {
                echo "Error! Please try again later.";
            }
            $stmt->close();
        }
    }

    $link->close();
}
?>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Create User : bishrulhaq.com</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css"
          integrity="sha384-Gn5384xqQ1aoWXA+058RXPxPg6fy4IWvTNh0E263XmFcJlSAwiGgFAW/dAiS6JXm" crossorigin="anonymous">
</head>
<body>
<div class="wrapper">
    <div class="container">
        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-md-12">
                <div class="page-header">
                    <h2>Create Users</h2>
                </div>
                <p>Fill this form to add users to the database.</p>
                <form action="<?php echo $_SERVER["PHP_SELF"] ?>" method="post">
                    <div class="form-group">
                        <label>Name</label>
                        <input type="text" name="name" class="form-control" required>
                    </div>
                    <div class="form-group">
                        <label>Address</label>
                        <textarea name="address" class="form-control" required></textarea>
                    </div>
                    <div class="form-group">
                        <label>Age</label>
                        <input type="number" name="age" class="form-control" required>
                    </div>
                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Submit">
                    <a href="index.php" class="btn btn-default">Cancel</a>
                </form>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Code language: HTML, XML (xml)

Create “delete.php” and add the following code inside it. Which will help to delete a particular user by passing the ID.

delete.php

<?php
if (isset($_GET["id"]) && !empty($_GET["id"])) {

    require_once "config.php";
    $sql = "DELETE FROM users WHERE id = ?";

    if ($stmt = $link->prepare($sql)) {
        $stmt->bind_param("i", $_GET["id"]);
        if ($stmt->execute()) {
            header("location: index.php");
            exit();
        } else {
            echo "Error! Please try again later.";
        }
    }
    $stmt->close();
    $link->close();
} else {
    echo "Error! Please try again later.";
}
?>
Code language: HTML, XML (xml)

Now, Let’s Create the “read.php” and add the following code inside it.

read.php

<?php
require_once "config.php";

if (isset($_GET["id"]) && !empty(trim($_GET["id"]))) {
    $sql = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?";
    if ($stmt = $link->prepare($sql)) {
        $stmt->bind_param("i", $_GET["id"]);
        if ($stmt->execute()) {
            $result = $stmt->get_result();
            if ($result->num_rows == 1) {
                $row = $result->fetch_array(MYSQLI_ASSOC);

                $name = $row["name"];
                $address = $row["address"];
                $age = $row["age"];

            } else {
                echo "Error! Please try again later.";
                exit();
            }

        } else {
            echo "Error! Please try again later.";
            exit();
        }
    }
    $stmt->close();
    $link->close();
} else {
    echo "Error! Please try again later.";
    exit();
}
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>View User : bishrulhaq.com</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css"
          integrity="sha384-Gn5384xqQ1aoWXA+058RXPxPg6fy4IWvTNh0E263XmFcJlSAwiGgFAW/dAiS6JXm" crossorigin="anonymous">
    <style>
        label{
            font-weight: bold;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="wrapper">
    <div class="container">
        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-md-12">
                <div class="card" style="margin-top: 20px;">
                    <div class="card-body">
                        <div class="page-header">
                            <h1>View User</h1>
                        </div>
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <label >Name</label>
                            <p class="form-control-static"><?php echo $name; ?></p>
                        </div>
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <label>Address</label>
                            <p class="form-control-static"><?php echo $address; ?></p>
                        </div>
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <label>Age</label>
                            <p class="form-control-static"><?php echo $age; ?></p>
                        </div>
                        <p><a href="index.php" class="btn btn-primary">Back</a></p>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Code language: HTML, XML (xml)

Create “update.php” and add the following code inside it. Which will help to update the particular user data

update.php

<?php
require_once "config.php";

if (isset($_GET['id'])) {
    $sql = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?";
    if ($stmt = $link->prepare($sql)) {
        $stmt->bind_param("i", $_GET["id"]);
        if ($stmt->execute()) {
            $result = $stmt->get_result();
            if ($result->num_rows == 1) {
                $row = $result->fetch_array(MYSQLI_ASSOC);

                $param_name = $row["name"];
                $param_address = $row["address"];
                $param_age = $row["age"];
            } else {
                echo "Error! Data Not Found";
                exit();
            }
        } else {
            echo "Error! Please try again later.";
            exit();
        }
        $stmt->close();
    }
} else {
    header("location: index.php");
    exit();
}

if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {
    if (!empty($_POST["name"]) && !empty($_POST["address"]) && !empty($_POST["age"])) {

        $sql = "UPDATE users SET name = ?, address = ?, age = ? WHERE id = ?";
        if ($stmt = $link->prepare($sql)) {

            $stmt->bind_param("ssii", $_POST["name"], $_POST["address"], $_POST["age"], $_GET["id"]);
            $stmt->execute();
            if ($stmt->error) {
                echo "Error!" . $stmt->error;
                exit();
            } else {
                header("location: index.php");
                exit();
            }
            $stmt->close();
        }
    }
    $link->close();
}

?>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Update User : bishrulhaq.com</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css"
          integrity="sha384-Gn5384xqQ1aoWXA+058RXPxPg6fy4IWvTNh0E263XmFcJlSAwiGgFAW/dAiS6JXm" crossorigin="anonymous">
    <style>
        label{
            font-weight: bold;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="wrapper">
    <div class="container">
        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-md-12">
               <div class="card" style="margin-top:20px;">
                   <div class="card-body">
                       <div class="page-header">
                           <h2>Update User</h2>
                       </div>
                       <p>Edit the input to update the User.</p>
                       <form action="<?php echo $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']; ?>" method="post">
                           <div class="form-group">
                               <label>Name</label>
                               <input type="text" name="name" class="form-control" required value="<?php echo $param_name; ?>">
                           </div>
                           <div class="form-group">
                               <label>Address</label>
                               <textarea name="address" class="form-control" required ><?php echo $param_address; ?></textarea>
                           </div>
                           <div class="form-group">
                               <label>Age</label>
                               <input type="text" name="age" class="form-control" value="<?php echo $param_age; ?>" required>
                           </div>
                           <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Submit">
                           <a href="index.php" class="btn btn-default">Cancel</a>
                       </form>
                   </div>
               </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Code language: HTML, XML (xml)